Agrostis avenacea J.F.Gmel.,
Syst. Nat. 1: 171 (1791).
Agrostis avenacea J.F.Gmel.,
Syst. Nat. 1: 171 (1791).
Calamagrostis avenacea (J.F.Gmel.) Becherer, Candollea 7: 519
(1938).
Avena filiformis G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. 9: (1786);
Agrostis filiformis (G.Forst.) Spreng., Fl. Hal. Mant. 32 (1807), non
Vill. (1787); Lachnagrostis filiformis (G.Forst.) Trin., Fund.
Agrost. 128 (1820); Calamagrostis filiformis (G.Forst.) Cockayne,
Rep. Bot. Surv. Tongariro Nat. Park 35 (1908); Deyeuxia filiformis
(G.Forst.) Petrie, in Chilton, Subantarctic Is. N. Zeal. 2: 474 (1909),
non Hook.f. (1897).
Agrostis retrofracta Willd., Enum. Pl. Hort.
Berol. 94 (1809); Vilfa retrofracta (Willd.) P.Beauv., Ess.
Agrostogr. 16 (1812); Lachnagrostis retrofracta (Willd.) Trin.,
Fund. Agrost. 128 (1820); Deyeuxia retrofracta (Willd.) Kunth,
Révis. Gramin. 1: 77 (1829); Calamagrostis retrofracta (Willd.)
Link ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. 1: 251 (1840).
Agrostis debilis
Poir., Encycl. Suppl. 1 249 (1810); Vilfa debilis (Poir.) P.Beauv.,
Ess. Agrostogr. 16 (1812).
Agrostis forsteri Rich ex Roem. &
Schult., Syst. Veg. 2: 359 (1817); Lachnagrostis forsteri (Rich ex
Roem. & Schult.) Trin. Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl. 217 (1824); Deyeuxia
forsteri (A.?? Rich ex Roem. & Schult.) Kunth, Révis. Gramin. 1: 77
(1829); Calamagrostis forsteri (Rich ex Roem. & Schult.) Steud.,
Nomencl. Bot. 1: 250 (1840).
Lachnagrostis willdenowii Trin.,
Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl. 217 (1824); Calamagrostis willdenowii (Trin.)
Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 192 (1854).
Agrostis ligulata Steud.,
Syn. Pl. Glumac. 173 (1854). T: Port Adelaide, S.A., Blondowski; T:
.
Agrostis solandri F.Muell., Veg. Chatham-Isl. 60 (1864) p.p.
Vegetative form. Variable, annual or perennial, erect or geniculate. Culms to 50(-80) cm high, c. 4 noded. Mid-culm nodes glabrous, exposed or hidden by the leaf sheaths. Mid-culm internodes scaberulous, terete or compressed (slightly). Leaves non-auriculate. Basal leaf sheaths not keeled, terete, glabrous or scabrous, with the veins equally striate. Ligule 3-8 mm long, membranous, acute or obtuse, abaxially hairy. Leaf blades flat, linear, to 300 mm long, 1-3.5(-5) mm wide; adaxially scabrous, shallowly grooved; abaxially scabrous; with margins scabrous, apices acute or apices acuminose; convolute in bud.
Reproductive organization. Plants bisexual. Incomplete spikelets absent. Inflorescence of chasmogamous spikelets.
Inflorescence. Inflorescence a panicle, large, pallid or green or purple, open, symmetrical, fully exserted, deciduous in its entirety. Peduncles scabrous. Rachides disarticulating as a unit, to 300 mm long, scabrous. Primary inflorescence branches scabrous; clustered (?), spreading (bare at the base, then branching above, with numerous spikelets toward the ends of the branchlets), filiform, verticillate. Spikelets spreading (?).
Hermaphrodite (`perfect') spikelets. Hermaphrodite spikelets pedicellate, 2-4 mm long, laterally compressed, not disarticulating as a separate unit, disarticulating above the glumes. Pedicels 1-5 mm long, slender, clavate, scabrous. Glumes two per spikelet, similar, subequal, exceeding the florets, longer than the proximal lemma. Lower glume longer than the upper glume, membranous, keeled, acuminate or acute, muticous; 1 veined, midvein scabrous; intercostal regions glabrous, or intercostal regions scaberulous. Upper glume membranous, keeled, acuminate or acute, muticous; 1 veined, midvein scabrous; intercostal regions glabrous, or intercostal regions scaberulous. Rudimentary florets absent. Incomplete florets absent. Hermaphrodite florets 1 per spikelet. Rachilla hairy, hairs c. equalling the lemma, apically prolonged. Callus present, blunt, shortly bearded. Lemma less firm than the glumes, laterally compressed, ovate, 1-3.5 mm long, not keeled, truncate, equally dentate, 4 -lobed; awned. Lemma 4 veined. Lemma veins not confluent apically (but extending into the teeth), toward apex; intercostal regions villous. Awns 1, median. Median awn much longer than the body of the lemmas, 3.5-5.5 mm long (including column of 1-2 mm ??), 1 veined, dorsal; arising from the mid-point of the lemma, geniculate, column twisted. Palea fully developed, slightly shorter than the lemmas, membranous, shortly bifid. Lodicules 2, hyaline, ovate. Stamens 3. Anthers 0.2-0.5 mm long. Ovary glabrous. Styles 2, free to their bases.
Fruit. Fruit elliptical to oblong.
Distribution. Endemic. Tasmania, New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, Western Australia, Queensland, and South Australia.
Ecology. Mesophytic. Widespread in damp sites from sea-level to highland areas. Flowers spring-summer.
Classification. Pooideae; Poodae; Aveneae.
References. Morphology: Morris 79-80 (1991); Jacobs & Hastings (1994); Vickery 114 (1941). Illustrations: agrost02.gif
Cite this publication as:
C.M. Weiller, M.J.
Henwood, J. Lenz and L. Watson (1995 onwards). `Pooideae (Poaceae) in
Australia - Descriptions and Illustrations'. URL
http://muse.bio.cornell.edu/delta/
Dallwitz
(1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993)
should also be cited.
