The Families of Flowering Plants
The Families of Flowering Plants | |
Habit and leaf form. Small, Olea-like trees; non-laticiferous and without coloured juice. Leaves opposite; simple. Lamina entire; lanceolate; pinnately veined. Leaves exstipulate. Lamina margins entire.
Leaf anatomy. Stomata mainly laterocytic.
Cystoliths absent.
Stem anatomy. Nodes unilacunar (with one trace). Internal phloem absent. Secondary thickening developing from a conventional cambial ring. ‘Included’ phloem absent. Xylem without tracheids; with libriform fibres; with vessels. Vessel end-walls horizontal; simple. Vessels without vestured pits. Primary medullary rays mixed wide and narrow.
Reproductive type, pollination. Fertile flowers functionally male, or functionally female. Plants dioecious. Pollination anemophilous.
Inflorescence, floral, fruit and seed morphology. Flowers aggregated in ‘inflorescences’; in cymes. The ultimate inflorescence unit cymose. Inflorescences axillary. Flowers ebracteate; ebracteolate; small; regular. Free hypanthium absent.
Perianth sepaline; 3, or 4; 1 whorled. Calyx 3, or 4 (the sepals of the female flowers pinnately net-veined); 1 whorled; gamosepalous (at the base). Calyx lobes markedly longer than the tube. Calyx regular; persistent; in the female flowers, slightly accrescent; of male flowers, valvate.
Androecium 6–9(–12). Androecial members free of the perianth; free of one another. Androecium exclusively of fertile stamens. Stamens 6–9(–12); diplostemonous to triplostemonous; erect in bud; filantherous (with very short filaments). Anthers basifixed; dehiscing via longitudinal slits; elongate, the connective apiculate. Pollen grains aperturate; 3 aperturate; colporate (colporoidate).
Gynoecium 1–3 carpelled. Carpels reduced in number relative to the perianth to isomerous with the perianth. The pistil 1 celled (when monomerous, i.e. usually), or 2–3 celled (when semicarpous). Gynoecium monomerous (usually), or apocarpous, or syncarpous; of one carpel (usually), or eu-apocarpous, or semicarpous (the carpels sometimes joined basally); superior. Carpel long stylate; apically stigmatic (the stigma decurrent on the long style); 1 ovuled. Placentation apical. Ovary 2 locular, or 3 locular. Styles free; apical. Placentation when semicarpous, apical. Ovules 1 per locule; pendulous; anatropous; apparently unitegmic.
Fruit non-fleshy; an aggregate (when G 2 or 3), or not an aggregate (when monomerous). The fruiting carpel when apocarpous or monomeric, indehiscent; nucular (shortly beaked). Fruit when semicarpous, of 2–3 basally joined nucules(?). Seeds non-endospermic. Embryo well differentiated. Cotyledons 2. Embryo straight.
Physiology, biochemistry. Ellagic acid present.
Geography, cytology. Paleotropical. Sub-tropical. North East Africa, Arabia.
Taxonomy. Subclass Dicotyledonae; Crassinucelli. Dahlgren’s Superorder Malviflorae; Urticales. Cronquist’s Subclass Hamamelidae; Urticales. APG 3 core angiosperms; core eudicot; Superorder Rosanae; fabid; Order Rosales.
Species 1. Genera 1; Barbeya oleoides the only representative.
This description is offered for casual browsing only. We strongly advise against extracting comparative information from it. This is much more easily achieved using the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting specified attributes, summaries of attributes within groups of taxa, geographical distribution, genera included in each family, classifications (Dahlgren; Dahlgren, Clifford, and Yeo; Cronquist; APG), and notes on the APG classification.
Cite this publication as: ‘Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 1992 onwards. The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 25th November 2009. http://delta-intkey.com’.